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Stay Safe: Watch Out for These 5 Cybersecurity Red Flags

RBL Bank Aug 26, 2025

If you think cybercrime is something that only happens to “other people,” think again. In India, cyberattacks have surged in recent years - from advanced hacking operations to fraudulent schemes exploiting people’s trust. Whether you’re an individual using a smartphone or an organisation managing critical infrastructure, the risks are real and growing.

Cybercriminals are not just using technical tricks; they’re also using psychological manipulation to make victims act against their best interests. This combination of technology and human deception is making it harder than ever to spot threats before it’s too late.

Recently, the Maharashtra State Cyber Department issued advisories on five different cyber threats. While each has its own method of attack, they share a dangerous common thread — they can cause serious harm if ignored.

Let’s break down each threat in plain language, explain how it works, what damage it can cause, and the steps you can take to protect yourself.

1. Lumma C2 Malware – A Covert Data Theft Tool

Overview

Lumma C2 is a hidden malware that sneaks into computers and quietly steals valuable data without being noticed.

How it works

  • Spread through infected email attachments, compromised websites, or pirated software
  • Creates a remote connection to the attacker’s server
  • Steals credentials, financial details, and personal files

Imagine this: you download a “free” software from an unverified website. It works fine, but behind the scenes, Lumma C2 is already collecting your passwords and sending them to a hacker’s server — all without a single warning pop-up.

Impact

  • Identity theft leading to misuse of your personal information
  • Financial fraud through stolen banking credentials
  • Corporate data breaches, resulting in reputational and legal consequences

Key precautions

  • Avoid downloading software from unknown sources
  • Keep your operating system and all applications updated
  • Use strong, unique passwords and enable multi-factor authentication

2. Volt Typhoon – Advanced Persistent Threat (APT)

Overview

Volt Typhoon is a hidden cyber-attack operation believed to be run by state-backed hackers, focusing on breaking into vital networks and services.

How it works

  • Exploits unpatched vulnerabilities in critical systems
  • Uses legitimate system tools to blend in and avoid detection
  • Maintains long-term access to monitor, steal, and manipulate data

In simple terms, Volt Typhoon is like an insider spy that doesn’t just break in — it stays, listens, and waits for the perfect time to act.

Impact

  • Exposure of sensitive national or corporate data
  • Disruption of essential services such as power, water, or transportation
  • Long-term security risks from persistent, undetected access

Key precautions

  • Regularly apply all security patches and updates
  • Restrict administrative privileges to critical systems
  • Monitor network activity for anything unusual — even small anomalies

3. Online Investment Scams – Too Good to Be True

Overview

These scams promise high returns with minimal risk, often using fake investment websites or impersonating trusted financial institutions.

How it works

  • Attractive ads or messages on social media, email, or phone calls
  • Pressure tactics: “Offer closing soon” or “Only a few slots left"
  • Asking for money transfers via untraceable channels like cryptocurrency or foreign bank accounts

A common example in India is a scammer posing as a broker for stock market tips, convincing victims to invest in a fake scheme. By the time you realise, your “investment” — and the scammer — have vanished.

Impact

  • Direct financial loss
  • Exposure of personal and banking details
  • Emotional distress from being deceived

Key precautions

  • Verify investment offers with official financial regulators like SEBI
  • Never send money to unknown accounts
  • Remember: guaranteed high returns are almost always a red flag

Read More: Investment Fraud: How to Safeguard Your Finances

4. Mobile Privacy Risks – Safeguarding Your Digital Life

Overview

Mobile devices store sensitive personal and work-related data, making them attractive targets for cybercriminals.

How it works

  • Malicious apps requesting more permissions than necessary
  • Data interception on insecure public Wi-Fi networks
  • Location tracking features exploited to create detailed personal profiles

For example, a seemingly harmless “flashlight” app might ask for access to your contacts, messages, and location — data that can be sold or misused.

Impact

  • Loss of personal information
  • Unauthorised access to online accounts
  • Risk of identity theft and stalking

Key precautions

  • Review and limit app permissions regularly
  • Install apps only from trusted platforms like Google Play or Apple App Store
  • Use VPN or secure networks for sensitive transactions

Read More: Stay Secure: Simple Habits for Mobile Phone Safety

5. Cyber Cell Email Scams – Fake Authority Threats

Overview

Scammers send fake emails claiming to be from official cyber cell departments, accusing you of legal violations and demanding urgent action.

How it works

  • Uses forged letterheads and official-looking email addresses
  • Creates a sense of fear and urgency (“You will be arrested if you don’t respond”)
  • Requests sensitive personal details, money, or even remote device access

In many cases, the fear of legal trouble makes victims act quickly without verifying the source.

Impact

  • Financial loss
  • Loss of confidential information
  • Psychological stress and anxiety

Key precautions

  • Verify any communication through official government channels or helplines
  • Never share personal or banking details over email
  • Report suspicious messages to cybercrime.gov.in

Cyber Hygiene Essentials – Your First Line of Defence

While each threat has its unique risks, certain best practices can protect you from most cyberattacks:

  • Use strong, unique passwords for every account.
  • Enable multi-factor authentication wherever possible.
  • Keep all devices and software up to date.
  • Verify senders before opening links or attachments.
  • Avoid sharing personal or financial information with unknown contacts.
  • Educate family members and colleagues about online safety.

Spot Something Suspicious? Here’s What to Do

If you’ve received a suspicious file, clicked on a suspicious link, or believe your device or data might be compromised:

If you're an RBL Bank customer:

You can also report cyber frauds to national authorities:

National Cybercrime Reporting Portal

Scammers often mask international calls with Indian numbers or hide their identities. If you receive such a call:

sancharsaathi

Acting quickly can help prevent financial loss and protect your information.

Final Word

Cybersecurity is no longer optional — it’s a necessity in today’s digital world. The Maharashtra State Cyber Department’s alerts underline the importance of vigilance, timely updates, and cautious online behaviour.

By understanding these threats and practising safe digital habits, you can protect your data, finances, and reputation from evolving cyber risks.

Click here to learn more about various types of fraud and how to protect yourself.

Disclaimer:
Articles published on the website are merely indicative and suggestive in nature and do not amount to solicitation. The contents do not guarantee the desired returns and/or results. Reader is advised to exercise discretion and consult independent advisors for achieving desired result.

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